Tonsillectomy and
Adenoidectomy
in Children
Everything you need
to know about
tonsil and adenoid
removal surgery
Learn about tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children—why it’s done, what to expect, and how it helps improve breathing, sleep, and recurrent infections.
What Are Tonsils and Adenoids?
Tonsils and adenoids are part of your child’s immune system, helping to fight infections during early childhood.
- Tonsils are two oval-shaped glands located in the back of the throat.
- Adenoids are located behind the nose and roof of the mouth. They are not visible through the mouth.
In some children, these tissues become enlarged or chronically infected, causing breathing, feeding, or sleep problems.
What Is a Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy?
These are surgical procedures that remove the tonsils and/or adenoids when they cause recurring illness or airway obstruction.
Tonsillectomy
- Complete removal of the tonsils through the mouth.
- No external cuts or stitches.
- Sometimes a partial (intracapsular) tonsillectomy is done
Adenoidectomy
- Removal of the adenoids through the mouth using specialized instruments.
- Often done at the same time as a tonsillectomy.
Surgery Details
- Performed under general anesthesia.
- Takes approximately 30–60 minutes.
- Most children go home the same day.
When Is Surgery Recommended?
Indications for Tonsillectomy
- Recurrent throat infections
- Obstructive sleep apnea or loud snoring
- Difficulty swallowing
- Persistent bad breath
- Tonsil abscesses
Indications for Adenoidectomy
- Chronic ear infections or fluid buildup
- Nasal obstruction and mouth breathing
- Sleep apnea or noisy breathing
- Chronic sinus infections
Are There Risks or Complications?
All surgeries carry risks, but tonsil and adenoid surgery is generally safe. Possible complications include:
Tonsillectomy Risks
- Bleeding during or after surgery (watch for spitting/vomiting blood)
- Infection (treated with antibiotics)
- Pain, especially in the throat and ears
- Dehydration due to pain limiting fluid intake
Adenoidectomy Risks
- Nasal regurgitation (fluids come out the nose temporarily)
- Voice changes (nasal tone, typically temporary)
- Infection and bleeding (rarely serious)
What to Expect at Home
Pain Relief
- Alternate acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil) every 3–4 hours for the first 48–72 hours.
- Avoid aspirin or any unapproved medications.
Diet
- Start with soft, cold foods (popsicles, yogurt, mashed potatoes).
- Avoid crunchy, spicy, or acidic foods for 2 weeks.
Activity
- Rest is essential for the first 7–10 days.
- No running, biking, swimming, or strenuous activity for 2 weeks.
Hydration
- Encourage plenty of fluids (water, Pedialyte, ice chips).
- Avoid carbonated or acidic drinks.
When to Call the Doctor
- Spitting or vomiting blood
- High or persistent fever
- Refusal to drink fluids
- Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, no urination, lethargy)
For emergencies, call 911 or visit the nearest emergency room.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will this affect my child’s immune system?
- No. Other lymph tissues take over. Children remain healthy without their tonsils/adenoids.
How long is recovery?
- Pain peaks in the first 3–4 days, and full recovery takes 1–2 weeks.
When can we travel?
Travel is not advised for 2 weeks after surgery.
How soon can my child return to school or daycare?
- Most children return in 7–10 days, depending on recovery.
Trusted Expert Care
Dr. Sohit Kanotra is a nationally recognized pediatric ENT surgeon specializing in tonsil and airway surgery. With decades of experience and advanced training, he leads a compassionate, child-centered care team at UCLA.